国外三维地质建模和可视化研究发展较快。加拿大阿波罗科技集团公司推出的三维建模与分析MicroLYNX,通过对离散点采样、钻探采样和探槽采样等空间数据的处理,产生剖面、块和面等模型,确定矿藏分布和等级变化并计算矿藏储量。加拿大Gemcom Software International Inc.公司开发的Gemcom软件通过钻孔、点、多边形等数据,利用实用的图形编辑和生成工具,显示钻孔孔位分布,运用不规则三角网建立表面和实体模型,运用多义线圈闭岩层和矿体边界进行储量和品位分析,提供了交互操作功能并允许用户根据自己的经验和专家知识勾画地质模型,实现任意剖面切割任意角度观察和实体与实体或实体与表面的交切与布尔运算等。国外软件主要是瞄准采矿工程,能够较好地满足采矿工程活动中的矿产资源勘探和评价、地下矿井和露天矿坑设计和规划、矿产资源管理和采矿生产管理等需求。美国Kinetix公司开发的3D Studio MAX,Alias/Wavefront公司开发的Maya和微软公司开发的Softimage等大众化的三维建模软件,在构建工业和建筑模型与动画制作方面有其独到之处,但交互查询的功能较弱,与工程勘测数据库结合并应用于工程地质三维建模方面还有较大距离。
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About 3D Modeling and Visualization in Engineering Geology
Abstract: Many of the present Geographical Information System (GIS) software mainly express the graphic and attributive information of the earth’s surface and the surface features, and there is some distance to the true three-dimensional geological information system containing underground geological structure. In this paper, the key technical problems of three-dimensional modeling and visualization of engineering geological mass are analyzed, and primary development and application combining with the three-dimensional modeling in one of hydropower project on Jinshajiang River are described.
Key words: geological engineering, three-dimensional modeling and visualization, geological information